Livestock Manure Fermentation-Based Resource Utilization Solution

Cattle and Poultry Manure Tank-Type High-Temperature Aerobic Fermentation Treatment Solution

1.  Project Background and Objectives

With the rapid development of large-scale, intensive livestock farming, the massive and concentrated discharge of livestock and poultry manure has become one of the major sources of agricultural non-point pollution. If not properly managed, it can severely contaminate water bodies, soils, and air, while also spreading pathogenic bacteria and parasites.

Project Objectives:

· Harmlessness: Eliminates pathogenic bacteria,虫卵, and weed seeds in feces, thereby eliminating the risk of biological contamination.

· Reduction: Microbial degradation significantly reduces the mass of organic matter, leading to a decrease in volume. 30-50% 。

· Resource utilization: Transforming waste into stable, fully decomposed high-quality organic fertilizers or soil conditioners, turning waste into valuable resources.

· Eco-friendly: The entire process features closed-system handling, effectively controlling secondary pollution from odors and leachate.

 

2.  Technical Principle: High-Temperature Aerobic Fermentation

Aerobic fermentation is the process of decomposing organic matter under aerobic conditions, utilizing naturally occurring or inoculated microorganisms (such as bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes) to generate high temperatures.

· Microbial action: Microorganisms break down complex organic substances (such as proteins, cellulose, and fats) into simpler ones. CO 2, H ₂ O Minerals and stable humus.

· Heat-generation process: The breakdown of organic matter is an exothermic process. In a well-insulated fermentation tank, accumulated heat can quickly raise the temperature to 55-75 Even higher than ℃.

· "Pasteurization" effect: Maintaining high temperatures (typically >55 ℃ for several days) can effectively eliminate pathogens, parasite eggs, and weed seeds, meeting harmlessness standards.

· Water evaporation: The substantial thermal energy generated by the reaction simultaneously evaporates moisture from the material, achieving volume reduction and drying.

 

3.  Core Technology: Can-Type Airtight Fermentation System

The tank-type fermentation system is an advanced trough-style system. / Reactor-based treatment technology integrates the entire process of traditional trench composting into one or more large, sealed steel tanks, with intelligent systems precisely controlling fermentation conditions.

 

System's main components:

1.  Feeding System:

· Pre-treatment: Livestock and poultry manure typically needs to be mixed with amendments such as straw, sawdust, rice husks, and more, in a specific ratio (e.g., 3:1 ）Mix to adjust the moisture (to 50-60% ) and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio ( 25-30:1 ), ensuring porosity for easy ventilation.

· Feeding System: Use a loader, belt conveyor, or screw conveyor to deliver the pre-treated material into the feed inlet at the top of the fermentation tank.

2.  Fermentation tank body:

· Structure: Cylindrical vertical tank with a double-layer insulation design (featuring a polyurethane foam insulation layer in the middle) to minimize heat loss.

· Internal Structure: The bottom of the tank is equipped with an aeration system (consisting of pipes and aeration holes) and a mixing system (typically featuring slow-rotating impellers).

· Material: The main body is made of corrosion-resistant carbon steel or stainless steel, ensuring a long service life.

3.  Aeration and Ventilation System:

· Core function: A Roots blower or high-pressure centrifugal fan forcefully supplies oxygen to the aeration pipes at the bottom of the tank, providing essential oxygen for aerobic microorganisms while simultaneously removing moisture and exhaust gases.

· Intelligent control: Based on feedback from the temperature and oxygen concentration sensors inside the tank, PLC Automatically controls the fan's start/stop and frequency to achieve precise oxygen supply, preventing the formation of odors in anaerobic environments.

4.  Stirring and Piling System:

· Function: Regularly turn the materials to prevent clumping, ensure uniform mixing, maintain proper ventilation and air permeability, and promote thorough moisture evaporation and full-layer fermentation.

· Features: The in-can agitation is more thorough than the trough-style turning, leaving no dead spots.

5.  Deodorization System:

· Necessity: The fermentation process generates NH 3, H ₂ S And foul-smelling gases.

· Process: Collect all exhaust gases extracted from the tank uniformly, then direct them into a biofilter or chemical scrubber for treatment. Once the emissions meet the required standards, they can be safely released, effectively resolving the issue of odor nuisance affecting nearby residents.

6.  Automatic Control System:

· Core: Adopting PLC+ The touchscreen enables fully automatic control.

· Monitoring and control parameters: Real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of temperature, oxygen levels, humidity, fan speed, stirring frequency, and more.

· Advantages: No manual intervention required, stable fermentation process, high-quality products, and significant savings in labor costs.

7.  Discharge system:

· After fermentation is complete (usually 7-15 Heaven), the material is discharged from the outlet at the bottom of the tank.

· It can be transported via belt conveyor or forklift to the post-ripening aging area, or directly sent for further processing (such as screening, granulation, and packaging).

 

4.  Scheme Advantages

· Small footprint: With its compact, three-dimensional design and high processing efficiency, it’s perfectly suited for farms facing tight land-resource constraints.

· Shorter processing cycle: Intelligent control creates the optimal fermentation environment, reducing the fermentation cycle by more than half compared to traditional composting—typically 7-15 Heaven).

· Environmentally friendly: Fully enclosed treatment system with centralized odor purification, eliminating leachate discharge and minimizing impact on the surrounding environment.

· Unaffected by climate: Achievable 365 The system operates 24/7, unaffected by adverse weather conditions such as the rainy season or low temperatures.

· High level of智能化: "One-click" operation reduces the technical and experience requirements for operators, ensuring stable product quality.

· High degree of resource utilization: The organic fertilizer produced is of excellent quality and high value, capable of generating significant economic benefits.

 

5.  Economic and Social Benefit Analysis

Economic benefits:

1.  Reduce pollution discharge fees: Achieve "zero emissions" of pollutants and avoid environmental fines.

2.  Save on fertilizer costs: Producing organic fertilizers in-house can replace part of the chemical fertilizers, allowing their use in nearby farmlands, orchards, and tea gardens, thereby reducing cultivation expenses.

3.  Generate sales revenue: Sell the deeply processed organic fertilizer product to external markets, creating a new avenue for profit growth.

4.  Obtaining policy subsidies: These types of environmental protection and resource utilization projects can typically apply for government-specific subsidies aimed at the resourceful use of livestock and poultry manure, as well as environmental governance initiatives.

 

Social and Environmental Benefits:

1.  Improve the hygiene conditions in and around the farm to reduce disease transmission.

2.  Promote the integration of crop and livestock farming, develop circular agriculture, improve soil structure, and enhance land fertility.

3.  Reduce regional environmental pressures and contribute to the management of agricultural non-point source pollution.

 

6.  Implementation Recommendations and Precautions

(1). Preliminary Research: Accurately measure the daily fecal production volume and select appropriate equipment specifications (such as 100m ³、 120m ³Processing tank).

(2). Preprocessing is key: Ensuring a stable supply of the conditioner and uniform mixing is essential for efficient fermentation.

(3). Energy considerations: Wind turbines and mixing equipment are the primary energy-consuming units; variable-frequency devices can be selected to reduce operational power consumption.

(4). Future planning: Clearly map out the intended uses for the organic fertilizer produced (for personal use or sale). If selling is planned, consider steps such as advanced processing (e.g., granulation and packaging) and product certification (such as obtaining an organic fertilizer registration certificate).

(5). Professional Operations and Maintenance: Although these are automated systems, they still require dedicated personnel for daily inspections and routine maintenance to ensure long-term, stable operation.

 

Summary:

Canned high-temperature aerobic fermentation technology is one of the most effective and environmentally friendly solutions for handling livestock and poultry manure in modern animal husbandry. It successfully transforms this troublesome pollution source into valuable resources, achieving a win-win situation that delivers both environmental and economic benefits—making it the preferred technological approach for driving green, sustainable development in the livestock industry.

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